(mysql.info) time-zone-support

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 5.11.8 MySQL Server Time Zone Support
 -------------------------------------
 
 The MySQL server maintains several time zone settings:
 
    * The system time zone. When the server starts, it attempts to
      determine the time zone of the host machine and uses it to set the
      `system_time_zone' system variable.  The value does not change
      thereafter.
 
    * The server's current time zone. The global `time_zone' system
      variable indicates the time zone the server currently is operating
      in. The initial value for `time_zone' is `'SYSTEM'', which
      indicates that the server time zone is the same as the system time
      zone. The initial value can be specified explicitly with the
      -default-time-zone=TIMEZONE option. If you have the `SUPER'
      privilege, you can set the global value at runtime with this
      statement:
 
           mysql> SET GLOBAL time_zone = TIMEZONE;
 
    * Per-connection time zones. Each client that connects has its own
      time zone setting, given by the session `time_zone' variable.
      Initially, the session variable takes its value from the global
      `time_zone' variable, but the client can change its own time zone
      with this statement:
 
           mysql> SET time_zone = TIMEZONE;
 
 The current values of the global and client-specific time zones can be
 retrieved like this:
 
      mysql> SELECT @@global.time_zone, @@session.time_zone;
 
 TIMEZONE values can be given as strings indicating an offset from UTC,
 such as `'+10:00'' or `'-6:00''. If the time zone information tables in
 the `mysql' database have been created and populated, you can also used
 named time zones, such as `'Europe/Helsinki'', `'US/Eastern'', or
 `'MET''.  The value `'SYSTEM'' can be used to indicate that the time
 zone should be the same as the system time zone.  Time zone names are
 not case sensitive.
 
 The MySQL installation procedure creates the time zone tables in the
 `mysql' database, but does not load them.  You must do so manually. (If
 you are upgrading to MySQL 4.1.3 or later from an earlier version, you
 should create the tables by upgrading your `mysql' database. Use the
 instructions in  mysql-upgrade.)
 
 If your system has its own zoneinfo database (the set of files
 describing time zones), you should use the `mysql_tzinfo_to_sql'
 program for filling the time zone tables. Examples of such systems are
 Linux, FreeBSD, Sun Solaris, and Mac OS X. One likely location for
 these files is the `/usr/share/zoneinfo' directory. If your system does
 not have a zoneinfo database, you can use the downloadable package
 described later in this section.
 
 The `mysql_tzinfo_to_sql' program is used to load the time zone tables.
 On the command line, pass the zoneinfo directory pathname to
 `mysql_tzinfo_to_sql' and send the output into the `mysql' program. For
 example:
 
      shell> mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -u root mysql
 
 `mysql_tzinfo_to_sql' reads your system's time zone files and generates
 SQL statements from them.  `mysql' processes those statements to load
 the time zone tables.
 
 `mysql_tzinfo_to_sql' also can be used to load a single time zone file,
 and to generate leap second information:
 
    * To load a single time zone file TZ_FILE that corresponds to a time
      zone name TZ_NAME, invoke `mysql_tzinfo_to_sql' like this:
 
           shell> mysql_tzinfo_to_sql TZ_FILE TZ_NAME | mysql -u root mysql
 
    * If your time zone needs to account for leap seconds, initialize
      the leap second information like this, where TZ_FILE is the name
      of your time zone file:
 
           shell> mysql_tzinfo_to_sql --leap TZ_FILE | mysql -u root mysql
 
 If your system doesn't have a zoneinfo database (for example, Windows
 or HP-UX), you can use the package of pre-built time zone tables that
 is available for download at
 `http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/timezones.html'. This package contains
 `.frm', `.MYD', and `.MYI' files for the `MyISAM' time zone tables.
 These tables should be part of the `mysql' database, so you should
 place the files in the `mysql' subdirectory of your MySQL server's data
 directory. The server should be stopped while you do this.
 
 *Warning*: Please don't use the downloadable package if your system has
 a zoneinfo database. Use the `mysql_tzinfo_to_sql' utility instead.
 Otherwise, you may cause a difference in datetime handling between
 MySQL and other applications on your system.
 
 For information about time zone settings in replication setup, please
 see  replication-features.
 

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