(mysql.info) windows-start-service

(mysql.info) windows-start-command-line
 
 2.3.11 Starting MySQL as a Windows Service
 ------------------------------------------
 
 On the NT family (Windows NT, 2000, XP, 2003), the recommended way to
 run MySQL is to install it as a Windows service, whereby MySQL starts
 and stops automatically when Windows starts and stops. A MySQL server
 installed as a service can also be controlled from the command line
 using `NET' commands, or with the graphical `Services' utility.
 
 The `Services' utility (the Windows `Service Control Manager') can be
 found in the Windows Control Panel (under Administrative Tools on
 Windows 2000, XP, and Server 2003). To avoid conflicts, it is advisable
 to close the `Services' utility while performing server installation or
 removal operations from the command line.
 
 Before installing MySQL as a Windows service, you should first stop the
 current server if it is running by using the following command:
 
      C:\> "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin\mysqladmin" -u root shutdown
 
 * If the MySQL `root' user account has a password, you need to
 invoke `mysqladmin' with the -p option and supply the password when
 prompted.
 
 This command invokes the MySQL administrative utility `mysqladmin' to
 connect to the server and tell it to shut down. The command connects as
 the MySQL `root' user, which is the default administrative account in
 the MySQL grant system. Note that users in the MySQL grant system are
 wholly independent from any login users under Windows.
 
 Install the server as a service using this command:
 
      C:\> "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin\mysqld" --install
 
 The service-installation command does not start the server.
 Instructions for that are given later in this section.
 
 To make it easier to invoke MySQL programs, you can add the pathname of
 the MySQL `bin' directory to your Windows system `PATH' environment
 variable:
 
    * On the Windows desktop, right-click on the My Computer icon, and
      select Properties
 
    * Next select the Advanced tab from the System Properties menu that
      appears, and click the Environment Variables button.
 
    * Under System Variables, select Path, and then click the Edit
      button. The Edit System Variable dialogue should appear.
 
    * Place your cursor at the end of the text appearing in the space
      marked Variable Value. (Use the End key to ensure that your cursor
      is positioned at the very end of the text in this space.) Then
      enter the complete pathname of your MySQL `bin' directory (for
      example, `C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin'), Note that
      there should be a semicolon separating this path from any values
      present in this field. Dismiss this dialogue, and each dialogue in
      turn, by clicking OK until all of the dialogues that were opened
      have been dismissed. You should now be able to invoke any MySQL
      executable program by typing its name at the DOS prompt from any
      directory on the system, without having to supply the path. This
      includes the servers, the `mysql' client, and all MySQL
      command-line utilities such as `mysqladmin' and `mysqldump'.
 
      You should not add the MySQL `bin' directory to your Windows
      `PATH' if you are running multiple MySQL servers on the same
      machine.
 
 *Warning*: You must exercise great care when editing your system `PATH'
 by hand; accidental deletion or modification of any portion of the
 existing `PATH' value can leave you with a malfunctioning or even
 unusable system.
 
 The following additional arguments can be used in MySQL 5.0 when
 installing the service:
 
    * You can specify a service name immediately following the -install
      option. The default service name is `MySQL'.
 
    * If a service name is given, it can be followed by a single option.
      By convention, this should be -defaults-file=FILE_NAME to specify
      the name of an option file from which the server should read
      options when it starts.
 
      It is possible to use a single option other than -defaults-file,
      but this is discouraged.  -defaults-file is more flexible because
      it enables you to specify multiple startup options for the server
      by placing them in the named option file. Also, in MySQL 5.0, use
      of an option different from -defaults-file is not supported until
      5.0.3.
 
    * As of MySQL 5.0.1, you can also specify a -local-service option
      following the service name. This causes the server to run using the
      `LocalService' Windows account that has limited system privileges.
      This account is available only for Windows XP or newer. If both
      -defaults-file and -local-service are given following the service
      name, they can be in any order.
 
 For a MySQL server that is installed as a Windows service, the
 following rules determine the service name and option files that the
 server uses:
 
    * If the service-installation command specifies no service name or
      the default service name (`MySQL') following the -install option,
      the server uses the a service name of `MySQL' and reads options
      from the `[mysqld]' group in the standard option files.
 
    * If the service-installation command specifies a service name other
      than `MySQL' following the -install option, the server uses that
      service name. It reads options from the group that has the same
      name as the service, and reads options from the standard option
      files.
 
      The server also reads options from the `[mysqld]' group from the
      standard option files. This allows you to use the `[mysqld]' group
      for options that should be used by all MySQL services, and an
      option group with the same name as a service for use by the server
      installed with that service name.
 
    * If the service-installation command specifies a -defaults-file
      option after the service name, the server reads options only from
      the `[mysqld]' group of the named file and ignores the standard
      option files.
 
 As a more complex example, consider the following command:
 
      C:\> "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin\mysqld"
                --install MySQL --defaults-file=C:\my-opts.cnf
 
 Here, the default service name (`MySQL') is given after the -install
 option. If no -defaults-file option had been given, this command would
 have the effect of causing the server to read the `[mysqld]' group from
 the standard option files. However, because the -defaults-file option
 is present, the server reads options from the `[mysqld]' option group,
 and only from the named file.
 
 You can also specify options as Start parameters in the Windows
 `Services' utility before you start the MySQL service.
 
 Once a MySQL server has been installed as a service, Windows starts the
 service automatically whenever Windows starts. The service also can be
 started immediately from the `Services' utility, or by using a `NET
 START MySQL' command. The `NET' command is not case sensitive.
 
 When run as a service, `mysqld' has no access to a console window, so
 no messages can be seen there. If `mysqld' does not start, check the
 error log to see whether the server wrote any messages there to
 indicate the cause of the problem. The error log is located in the
 MySQL data directory (for example, `C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server
 5.0\data'). It is the file with a suffix of `.err'.
 
 When a MySQL server has been installed as a service, and the service is
 running, Windows stops the service automatically when Windows shuts
 down. The server also can be stopped manually by using the `Services'
 utility, the `NET STOP MySQL' command, or the `mysqladmin shutdown'
 command.
 
 You also have the choice of installing the server as a manual service
 if you do not wish for the service to be started automatically during
 the boot process. To do this, use the -install-manual option rather
 than the -install option:
 
      C:\> "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin\mysqld" --install-manual
 
 To remove a server that is installed as a service, first stop it if it
 is running by executing `NET STOP MYSQL'.  Then use the -remove option
 to remove it:
 
      C:\> "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin\mysqld" --remove
 
 If `mysqld' is not running as a service, you can start it from the
 command line. For instructions, see  windows-start-command-line.
 
 Please see  windows-troubleshooting, if you encounter
 difficulties during installation.
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