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 10.3.2 Database Character Set and Collation
 -------------------------------------------
 
 Every database has a database character set and a database collation.
 The `CREATE DATABASE' and `ALTER DATABASE' statements have optional
 clauses for specifying the database character set and collation:
 
      CREATE DATABASE DB_NAME
          [[DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET CHARSET_NAME]
          [[DEFAULT] COLLATE COLLATION_NAME]
 
      ALTER DATABASE DB_NAME
          [[DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET CHARSET_NAME]
          [[DEFAULT] COLLATE COLLATION_NAME]
 
 The keyword `SCHEMA' can be used instead of `DATABASE'.
 
 All database options are stored in a text file named `db.opt' that can
 be found in the database directory.
 
 The `CHARACTER SET' and `COLLATE' clauses make it possible to create
 databases with different character sets and collations on the same
 MySQL server.
 
 Example:
 
      CREATE DATABASE DB_NAME CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci;
 
 MySQL chooses the database character set and database collation in the
 following manner:
 
    * If both `CHARACTER SET X' and `COLLATE Y' were specified, then
      character set X and collation Y.
 
    * If `CHARACTER SET X' was specified without `COLLATE', then
      character set X and its default collation.
 
    * If `COLLATE Y' was specified without `CHARACTER SET', then the
      character set associated with Y and collation Y.
 
    * Otherwise, the server character set and server collation.
 
 The database character set and collation are used as default values if
 the table character set and collation are not specified in `CREATE
 TABLE' statements. They have no other purpose.
 
 The character set and collation for the default database can be
 determined from the values of the `character_set_database' and
 `collation_database' system variables. The server sets these variables
 whenever the default database changes. If there is no default database,
 the variables have the same value as the corresponding server-level
 system variables, `character_set_server' and `collation_server'.
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