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gpl(7)




gcc-7.3.0                                                       1

GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)


NAME

     gpl - GNU General Public License


DESCRIPTION

  GNU General Public License
  Version 3, 29 June 2007
             Copyright (c) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>

             Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
             license document, but changing it is not allowed.

  Preamble
     The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license
     for software and other kinds of works.

     The licenses for most software and other practical works are
     designed to take away your freedom to share and change the
     works.  By contrast, the GNU General Public License is
     intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change all
     versions of a program--to make sure it remains free software
     for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation, use
     the GNU General Public License for most of our software; it
     applies also to any other work released this way by its
     authors.  You can apply it to your programs, too.

     When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom,
     not price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make
     sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free
     software (and charge for them if you wish), that you receive
     source code or can get it if you want it, that you can
     change the software or use pieces of it in new free
     programs, and that you know you can do these things.

     To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from
     denying you these rights or asking you to surrender the
     rights.  Therefore, you have certain responsibilities if you
     distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it:
     responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.

     For example, if you distribute copies of such a program,
     whether gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the
     recipients the same freedoms that you received.  You must
     make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
     code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
     rights.

     Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two
     steps:  (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer
     you this License giving you legal permission to copy,
     distribute and/or modify it.

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

     For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly
     explains that there is no warranty for this free software.
     For both users' and authors' sake, the GPL requires that
     modified versions be marked as changed, so that their
     problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of
     previous versions.

     Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or
     run modified versions of the software inside them, although
     the manufacturer can do so.  This is fundamentally
     incompatible with the aim of protecting users' freedom to
     change the software.  The systematic pattern of such abuse
     occurs in the area of products for individuals to use, which
     is precisely where it is most unacceptable.  Therefore, we
     have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the
     practice for those products.  If such problems arise
     substantially in other domains, we stand ready to extend
     this provision to those domains in future versions of the
     GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.

     Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software
     patents.  States should not allow patents to restrict
     development and use of software on general-purpose
     computers, but in those that do, we wish to avoid the
     special danger that patents applied to a free program could
     make it effectively proprietary.  To prevent this, the GPL
     assures that patents cannot be used to render the program
     non-free.

     The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution
     and modification follow.

  TERMS AND CONDITIONS
     0. Definitions.
         "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General
         Public License.

         "Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to
         other kinds of works, such as semiconductor masks.

         "The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed
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         earlier work or a work "based on" the earlier work.

         A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         a work based on the Program.

         To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that,
         without permission, would make you directly or
         secondarily liable for infringement under applicable
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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code
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         You may make, run and propagate covered works that you
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         Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted
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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

     3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-
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         No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective
         technological measure under any applicable law
         fulfilling obligations under article 11 of the WIPO
         copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or similar
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         When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal
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         operation or modification of the work as a means of
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     4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
         You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source
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         appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all notices
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         give all recipients a copy of this License along with
         the Program.

         You may charge any price or no price for each copy that
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     5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
         You may convey a work based on the Program, or the
         modifications to produce it from the Program, in the
         form of source code under the terms of section 4,
         provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

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         c.  You must license the entire work, as a whole, under
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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

             with any applicable section 7 additional terms, to
             the whole of the work, and all its parts, regardless
             of how they are packaged.  This License gives no
             permission to license the work in any other way, but
             it does not invalidate such permission if you have
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         d.  If the work has interactive user interfaces, each
             must display Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if
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         A compilation of a covered work with other separate and
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     6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
         You may convey a covered work in object code form under
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         a.  Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a
             physical product (including a physical distribution
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             offer spare parts or customer support for that
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             object code either (1) a copy of the Corresponding
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             covered by this License, on a durable physical
             medium customarily used for software interchange,
             for a price no more than your reasonable cost of
             physically performing this conveying of source, or
             (2) access to copy the Corresponding Source from a
             network server at no charge.

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         c.  Convey individual copies of the object code with a
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             Corresponding Source.  This alternative is allowed
             only occasionally and noncommercially, and only if
             you received the object code with such an offer, in
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         d.  Convey the object code by offering access from a
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         e.  Convey the object code using peer-to-peer
             transmission, provided you inform other peers where
             the object code and Corresponding Source of the work
             are being offered to the general public at no charge
             under subsection 6d.

         A separable portion of the object code, whose source
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         System Library, need not be included in conveying the
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         A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product",
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         uses, unless such uses represent the only significant
         mode of use of the product.

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         "Installation Information" for a User Product means any
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         versions of a covered work in that User Product from a
         modified version of its Corresponding Source.  The
         information must suffice to ensure that the continued
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         prevented or interfered with solely because modification
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         If you convey an object code work under this section in,
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         The requirement to provide Installation Information does
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         Access to a network may be denied when the modification
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         Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation
         Information provided, in accord with this section must
         be in a format that is publicly documented (and with an
         implementation available to the public in source code
         form), and must require no special password or key for
         unpacking, reading or copying.

     7. Additional Terms.
         "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the
         terms of this License by making exceptions from one or
         more of its conditions.  Additional permissions that are
         applicable to the entire Program shall be treated as
         though they were included in this License, to the extent
         that they are valid under applicable law.  If additional
         permissions apply only to part of the Program, that part
         may be used separately under those permissions, but the
         entire Program remains governed by this License without
         regard to the additional permissions.

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at
         your option remove any additional permissions from that
         copy, or from any part of it.  (Additional permissions
         may be written to require their own removal in certain
         cases when you modify the work.)  You may place
         additional permissions on material, added by you to a
         covered work, for which you have or can give appropriate
         copyright permission.

         Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for
         material you add to a covered work, you may (if
         authorized by the copyright holders of that material)
         supplement the terms of this License with terms:

         a.  Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability
             differently from the terms of sections 15 and 16 of
             this License; or

         b.  Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal
             notices or author attributions in that material or
             in the Appropriate Legal Notices displayed by works
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         c.  Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that
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         All other non-permissive additional terms are considered
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         If the Program as you received it, or any part of it,
         contains a notice stating that it is governed by this
         License along with a term that is a further restriction,
         you may remove that term.  If a license document
         contains a further restriction but permits relicensing
         or conveying under this License, you may add to a
         covered work material governed by the terms of that
         license document, provided that the further restriction

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         does not survive such relicensing or conveying.

         If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this
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         statement of the additional terms that apply to those
         files, or a notice indicating where to find the
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         Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be
         stated in the form of a separately written license, or
         stated as exceptions; the above requirements apply
         either way.

     8. Termination.
         You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as
         expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
         otherwise to propagate or modify it is void, and will
         automatically terminate your rights under this License
         (including any patent licenses granted under the third
         paragraph of section 11).

         However, if you cease all violation of this License,
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         Termination of your rights under this section does not
         terminate the licenses of parties who have received
         copies or rights from you under this License.  If your
         rights have been terminated and not permanently
         reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses
         for the same material under section 10.

     9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
         You are not required to accept this License in order to
         receive or run a copy of the Program.  Ancillary
         propagation of a covered work occurring solely as a
         consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission to
         receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance.
         However, nothing other than this License grants you
         permission to propagate or modify any covered work.

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         These actions infringe copyright if you do not accept
         this License.  Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
         covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this
         License to do so.

     10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
         Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient
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         licensors, to run, modify and propagate that work,
         subject to this License.  You are not responsible for
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         An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring
         control of an organization, or substantially all assets
         of one, or subdividing an organization, or merging
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         You may not impose any further restrictions on the
         exercise of the rights granted or affirmed under this
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         royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights granted
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         alleging that any patent claim is infringed by making,
         using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the
         Program or any portion of it.

     11. Patents.
         A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use
         under this License of the Program or a work on which the
         Program is based.  The work thus licensed is called the
         contributor's "contributor version".

         A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent
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         already acquired or hereafter acquired, that would be
         infringed by some manner, permitted by this License, of
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         do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
         consequence of further modification of the contributor
         version.  For purposes of this definition, "control"
         includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a
         manner consistent with the requirements of this License.

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide,
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         In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is
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         If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a
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         means, then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding
         Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive
         yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this
         particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner consistent
         with the requirements of this License, to extend the
         patent license to downstream recipients.  "Knowingly
         relying" means you have actual knowledge that, but for
         the patent license, your conveying the covered work in a
         country, or your recipient's use of the covered work in
         a country, would infringe one or more identifiable
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         If, pursuant to or in connection with a single
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         patent license you grant is automatically extended to
         all recipients of the covered work and works based on
         it.

         A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not
         include within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the
         exercise of, or is conditioned on the non-exercise of
         one or more of the rights that are specifically granted
         under this License.  You may not convey a covered work
         if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party
         that is in the business of distributing software, under
         which you make payment to the third party based on the
         extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under
         which the third party grants, to any of the parties who

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         would receive the covered work from you, a
         discriminatory patent license (a) in connection with
         copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies
         made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in
         connection with specific products or compilations that
         contain the covered work, unless you entered into that
         arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior
         to 28 March 2007.

         Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding
         or limiting any implied license or other defenses to
         infringement that may otherwise be available to you
         under applicable patent law.

     12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
         If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court
         order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the
         conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from
         the conditions of this License.  If you cannot convey a
         covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your
         obligations under this License and any other pertinent
         obligations, then as a consequence you may not convey it
         at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that
         obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying
         from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way
         you could satisfy both those terms and this License
         would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.

     13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
         Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you
         have permission to link or combine any covered work with
         a work licensed under version 3 of the GNU Affero
         General Public License into a single combined work, and
         to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this License
         will continue to apply to the part which is the covered
         work, but the special requirements of the GNU Affero
         General Public License, section 13, concerning
         interaction through a network will apply to the
         combination as such.

     14. Revised Versions of this License.
         The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or
         new versions of the GNU General Public License from time
         to time.  Such new versions will be similar in spirit to
         the present version, but may differ in detail to address
         new problems or concerns.

         Each version is given a distinguishing version number.
         If the Program specifies that a certain numbered version
         of the GNU General Public License "or any later version"
         applies to it, you have the option of following the
         terms and conditions either of that numbered version or

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         of any later version published by the Free Software
         Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version
         number of the GNU General Public License, you may choose
         any version ever published by the Free Software
         Foundation.

         If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which
         future versions of the GNU General Public License can be
         used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
         version permanently authorizes you to choose that
         version for the Program.

         Later license versions may give you additional or
         different permissions.  However, no additional
         obligations are imposed on any author or copyright
         holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later
         version.

     15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
         THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT
         PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE
         STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER
         PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
         ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
         NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
         MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
         THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
         PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE
         DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY
         SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

     16. Limitation of Liability.
         IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED
         TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER
         PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS
         PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING
         ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
         DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
         PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR
         DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
         YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO
         OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR
         OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
         DAMAGES.

     17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
         If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of
         liability provided above cannot be given local legal
         effect according to their terms, reviewing courts shall
         apply local law that most closely approximates an
         absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection
         with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

         liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return
         for a fee.

  END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
  How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
     If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the
     greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve
     this is to make it free software which everyone can
     redistribute and change under these terms.

     To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It
     is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to
     most effectively state the exclusion of warranty; and each
     file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer
     to where the full notice is found.

             <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
             Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>

             This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
             it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
             the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
             your option) any later version.

             This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
             WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
             MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
             General Public License for more details.

             You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
             along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

     Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and
     paper mail.

     If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a
     short notice like this when it starts in an interactive
     mode:

             <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
             This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type "show w".
             This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
             under certain conditions; type "show c" for details.

     The hypothetical commands show w and show c should show the
     appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course,
     your program's commands might be different; for a GUI
     interface, you would use an "about box".

     You should also get your employer (if you work as a
     programmer) or school, if any, to sign a "copyright
     disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.  For more

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GPL(7)                         GNU                         GPL(7)

     information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU
     GPL, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

     The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating
     your program into proprietary programs.  If your program is
     a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to
     permit linking proprietary applications with the library.
     If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
     Public License instead of this License.  But first, please
     read <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.


SEE ALSO

     gfdl(7), fsf-funding(7).


COPYRIGHT

     Copyright (c) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

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