(mysql.info) program-options
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4.3 Specifying Program Options
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* command-line-options Using Options on the Command Line
* option-files Using Option Files
* environment-variable-options Using Environment Variables to Specify Options
* program-variables Using Options to Set Program Variables
There are several ways to specify options for MySQL programs:
* List the options on the command line following the program name.
This is most common for options that apply to a specific
invocation of the program.
* List the options in an option file that the program reads when it
starts. This is common for options that you want the program to
use each time it runs.
* List the options in environment variables. This method is useful
for options that you want to apply each time the program runs. In
practice, option files are used more commonly for this purpose.
However, multiple-unix-servers, discusses one situation in
which environment variables can be very helpful. It describes a
handy technique that uses such variables to specify the TCP/IP
port number and Unix socket file for both the server and client
programs.
To determine which options are given, MySQL programs first by examining
environment variables, then by reading option files, and then by
checking the command line. If an option is specified multiple times,
the last occurrence takes precedence. This means that environment
variables have the lowest precedence and command-line options the
highest.
You can take advantage of the way that MySQL programs process options
by specifying default values for a program's options in an option file.
That enables you to avoid typing them each time you run the program,
but also allows you to override the defaults if necessary by using
command-line options.
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